Uncovering the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Learning from Tests
Identifieur interne : 000A23 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A22; suivant : 000A24Uncovering the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Learning from Tests
Auteurs : Xiaonan L. Liu [États-Unis] ; Peipeng Liang [République populaire de Chine] ; Kuncheng Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Lynne M. Reder [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- physiology : Brain, Learning, Memory, Parietal Lobe, Prefrontal Cortex.
- Behavior, Educational Measurement, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Young Adult.
Abstract
People learn better when re-study opportunities are replaced with tests. While researchers have begun to speculate on why testing is superior to study, few studies have directly examined the neural underpinnings of this effect. In this fMRI study, participants engaged in a study phase to learn arbitrary word pairs, followed by a cued recall test (recall second half of pair when cued with first word of pair), re-study of each pair, and finally another cycle of cued recall tests. Brain activation patterns during the first test (recall) of the studied pairs predicts performance on the second test. Importantly, while subsequent memory analyses of encoding trials also predict later accuracy, the brain regions involved in predicting later memory success are more extensive for activity during retrieval (testing) than during encoding (study). Those additional regions that predict subsequent memory based on their activation at test but not at encoding may be key to understanding the basis of the testing effect.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092025
PubMed: 24647122
PubMed Central: 3960161
Affiliations:
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While researchers have begun to speculate on why testing is superior to study, few studies have directly examined the neural underpinnings of this effect. In this fMRI study, participants engaged in a study phase to learn arbitrary word pairs, followed by a cued recall test (recall second half of pair when cued with first word of pair), re-study of each pair, and finally another cycle of cued recall tests. Brain activation patterns during the first test (recall) of the studied pairs predicts performance on the second test. Importantly, while subsequent memory analyses of encoding trials also predict later accuracy, the brain regions involved in predicting later memory success are more extensive for activity during retrieval (testing) than during encoding (study). Those additional regions that predict subsequent memory based on their activation at test but not at encoding may be key to understanding the basis of the testing effect.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Karpicke, Jd" uniqKey="Karpicke J">JD Karpicke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roediger, Hl" uniqKey="Roediger H">HL Roediger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carrier, M" uniqKey="Carrier M">M Carrier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pashler, H" uniqKey="Pashler H">H Pashler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gates, Ai" uniqKey="Gates A">AI Gates</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcdaniel, Ma" uniqKey="Mcdaniel M">MA McDaniel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roediger, Hl" uniqKey="Roediger H">HL Roediger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdermott, 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Bjork</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Verkoeijen, Ppjl" uniqKey="Verkoeijen P">PPJL Verkoeijen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bouwmeester, S" uniqKey="Bouwmeester S">S Bouwmeester</name></author><author><name sortKey="Camp, G" uniqKey="Camp G">G Camp</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haruno, M" uniqKey="Haruno M">M Haruno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawato, M" uniqKey="Kawato M">M Kawato</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Packard, Mg" uniqKey="Packard M">MG Packard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Knowlton, Bj" uniqKey="Knowlton B">BJ Knowlton</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Pennsylvanie</li></region><settlement><li>Pittsburgh</li><li>Pékin</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Carnegie-Mellon</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Pennsylvanie"><name sortKey="Liu, Xiaonan L" sort="Liu, Xiaonan L" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xiaonan L." last="Liu">Xiaonan L. Liu</name></region><name sortKey="Liu, Xiaonan L" sort="Liu, Xiaonan L" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xiaonan L." last="Liu">Xiaonan L. Liu</name><name sortKey="Reder, Lynne M" sort="Reder, Lynne M" uniqKey="Reder L" first="Lynne M." last="Reder">Lynne M. Reder</name><name sortKey="Reder, Lynne M" sort="Reder, Lynne M" uniqKey="Reder L" first="Lynne M." last="Reder">Lynne M. Reder</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Liang, Peipeng" sort="Liang, Peipeng" uniqKey="Liang P" first="Peipeng" last="Liang">Peipeng Liang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Li, Kuncheng" sort="Li, Kuncheng" uniqKey="Li K" first="Kuncheng" last="Li">Kuncheng Li</name><name sortKey="Li, Kuncheng" sort="Li, Kuncheng" uniqKey="Li K" first="Kuncheng" last="Li">Kuncheng Li</name><name sortKey="Liang, Peipeng" sort="Liang, Peipeng" uniqKey="Liang P" first="Peipeng" last="Liang">Peipeng Liang</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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